Some images are kinda similar to copyrighted works, but the underlying expression of the characters is always there. Thus it must also be in the model, and it's infringement beyond individual works.
POLICY
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Generative Models as Expression Copying Machines in Copyright Context
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FWIW, the core of Mathew's argument can be dismantled in this case by the fact that generative models are expression copying machines. For instance, in the context of character copyrights:
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Copyright Resolution and Artist Control in AI-Generated Content
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(Assuming the copyright issue is fixed…) If people buy the results are OK with that, or if the artists know how to control or correct it, I don't see any problem.
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Scientists silencing refutation attempts raises ethics concerns
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Whereas many any unreasonable scientist tries to silence anyone engaged in potential refutation
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Automated Thumbnails and Copyright: Expression Reproduction Issues
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I guess one argument would be that thumbnails generated by an automated process cannot themselves be copyrighted. Further, there's no proof the underlying expression was reproduced by the model.
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Social Media Struggles with AI Scale Management
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social media have no effective way of dealing w likely increase in scale
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Empty Arguments on AI Adaptation Ignore Volume Growth
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That’s an empty argument, basically an assertion, without any specifics about how we will adapt and without recognizing or disputing the critical increase in volume
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LLMs threaten democracy: seeking AI expert debate
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Resolved #2: Large language models pose a significant potential threat to democracy. Question: would anyone eminent in AI care to debate against?
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Medical AI Risks and Democratic Threats Emerge
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Mainly just medical malpractice and potential destruction of democracy